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LEARN ABOUT BONE GRAFTS

Category Introduction

Bone Grafts

Navigating the multitude of available bone grafts, also known as osteobiologics, is challenging because there are many commercial options available. The goal of this site is to provide foundational information about different types of bone grafts to make comparison easier.

three Properties of Bone Grafts1

Bone grafts may contain one, two, or all three of these properties depending on their origin and how they were processed and preserved. 

Image Block
Osteoconductive Image
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Osteoinductive Image
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Osteogenic Image

COMPARISON OF GRAFT PROPERTIES

 

Osteoconductive  
 

Osteoinductive  
 

Osteogenic  
 

Mineralized Bone Allografts

 ✔

 

 

Demineralized Bone Matrix

✔

✔

 

Cellular Bone Matrix

✔

✔

✔

Autograft*

✔

✔

✔

Synthetics

✔

 

 

Recombination Proteins

 

✔

 

Combination Grafts

✔

✔

 

Xenograft

✔

 

 

*Autograft is partially demineralized, and therefore its osteoinductivity (signals) are unenhanced compared to grafts with fully demineralized bone.

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Properties of bone grafts
Flow Chart
Bone Graft Flow Chart

Reference

Reference
  1. Baldwin P, Li DJ, Auston DA, Mir HS, Yoon RS, Koval KJ. Autograft, Allograft, and Bone Graft Substitutes: Clinical Evidence and Indications for Use in the Setting of Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery. J Orthop Trauma. 2019 Apr;33(4):203-213. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000001420. PMID: 30633080
  2. Cohen JD, Kanim LE, Tronits AJ, Bae HW. Allografts and Spinal Fusion. Int J Spine Surg. 2021;15(s1):68- 93. doi:10.14444/8056
  3. Shibuya N, Jupiter DC. Bone graft substitute: allograft and xenograft. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2015 Jan;32(1):21-34. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2014.09.011. PMID: 25440415. AND https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2266665/
  4. Fu R, Selph S, McDonagh M, Peterson K, Tiwari A, Chou R, Helfand M. Effectiveness and harms of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in spine fusion: a systematic review and meta- analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013 Jun 18;158(12):890-902. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-158-12-201306180- 00006. PMID: 23778906
  5. https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/classification-products-drugs-and-devices-and-additional-product-classification-issues